The varicose vessels in the legs are more often susceptible, as the lower limbs are a huge load every day. Several forms of this pathology are observed in every 3 women and every 5 men.
The disease is characterized by certain manifestations and clinical complications that can significantly affect the ability to work and the level of quality of life. In addition, we will talk about varicose veins in the legs and about everything related to this phenomenon.
What are the veins varicose veins
The varicose veins in the legs are a pathological state, accompanied by vessel changes (tow, increased length, nodule formation) as a result of inadequate operation of venous valves and impaired blood flow.
This disease has been known since ancient times, which is confirmed by numerous archaeological excavations.
Reference. Today, every 4 people on the planet suffer from such a pathology.
The insidiousness of the disease is that 50% of people don't even know they have the early stage of the disease. More often, women are subjected to this disease due to the characteristics of the perestroika course in the hormonal system.
To find out what are the varicose veins in the legs, we return to the characteristics of the anatomical structure and the physiological processes of the circulatory system.
Vienna - vessels through which blood flows from body organs to the heart. But the arteries carry blood in the opposite direction - from heart muscle to tissues and organs.
Unlike the latter, the veins have a small portion of muscle tissue; Therefore, the unilateral valves have valves read to avoid reverse blood flow.
If, for some reason, these valves stop working normally, thenThere is a bloodstream of blood, that is, it does not flow, as it should, but down.
As a result, a congestive phenomenon is formed - the blood accumulates in the legs and, under its pressure, the vessels begin to expand and deform.
The consequences of such processes will be seen soon on the naked eye. Blue-green-green or blue lines, later standing out above the surface of the skin, become noticeable under the skin.
With age, the pathological state usually exacerbates because it develops very slowly and then progresses quickly.
Reasons
The causes of varicose veins of the lower extremities are quite diverse. Scientists have devoted a long time to the study of this problem, not characteristic of other living beings.
Reference. Some believe this is a kind of humanity's retribution because it has the possibility of direct, as a result of which legs experience huge pressure from all body weight.
In addition, experts determined an entire list of factors because of which varicose veins appear in the legs. These include:
- HeredityThe risk of appearance is about 70%if one of the relatives had varicose veins. The disease itself is inherited, but the structure of the genetically determined vessel: weak venous walls, lower valves.
- Inactive lifestyle- If a person moves little, then the tone of the blood vessels weakens, the pressure in the veins increases, the stagnant blood.
- Overweight- One of the most common reasons. At the same time, the risk of developing the disease proportionally increases the increased adipose tissue in the body.
- Excessive physical activity- Venous pressure is repeatedly increased, if a person spends almost all day at his feet, especially when she raises weights.
- Violations in endocrine and hormonal systems- It concerns females as hormonal failures become causes of stagnation. Such periods are pregnancy, time afterpart, menopause.
- Tall shoesThey are constantly tension, which is why blood flow through deep veins is disturbed. As a result, the blood runs to the veins of the surface, whose valves cannot deal with the load.
However, these are not all reasons that cause the development of pathology. There is another point, which is from which veins varicose veins and is associated with disorders in the nervous system and the psychological state of a person.
Psychosomatic of varicose veins
Psychosomatic- A direction in psychology, which studies the influence of psychological factors on the development of somatic (bodily) diseases.
It is long known thatAll processes in the human body are controlled by a brain controlled by consciousness.
Therefore, it is believed that the causes of all diseases are in the head and are psychosomatic.
This means that the occurrence of deviations in health causes internal experiences or exposure to stress.
Reference. In eastern medicine, varicose veins are believed to be a psychosomatic disease.
The causes of the psychosomatic of varicose veins are psychological states:
- stress;
- depression;
- Stagnation, lack of goals in life;
- neurosis;
- Long stay in difficult conditions for the psyche;
- A collapse.
All of this negatively affects the nervous system of the body and occurs the following.The elasticity of the blood vessel walls is regulated by the ends of the nerve fibers.
Under the action of such psychological factors, the nature of their activity is changing. As a result, the tone of the veins is reduced, the lumen in the vessels increases, which prevents valve operation.
The therapy of varicose veins, which emerged on nervous soil, requires a special approach and with the participation of several specialists in different profiles.
Symptoms
This disease is characterized by characteristic symptoms that are quite easy to determine.
The initial symptoms of venous circulatory disorders are:
- Weight, pain, burning sensation, itching.
- Numbness, rare cramps at night.
- The appearance of a vascular mesh of a bluish red color.
If you do not detect or initiate therapy of such pathological processes, the disease will continue its progression and new will be added to existing symptoms: new:
- The appearance of the seal in the leg with varicose veins, the skin begins to peel and lid with blemishes;
- Pain in muscles that increase when walking;
- The manifestation of venous nodes projecting above the surface of the skin;
- A sensation of pain to the pressure with the fingers in the veins.
In addition, leg swelling can be observed, which is a serious warning about the dynamic development of the disease, as deep veins are no longer able to deal with their work.
Reference.Lack of treatment can cause the development of complications in the form of thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcers, bleeding.
How varicose veins develop
Previously, a mechanism for the development of vein expansion in the legs, which consists of the wrong (down) blood flow was considered due to special valve work disorders.
As a result, pathology symptoms characterized by the development sequence are manifested.
The manifestations and the course of the disease in each individual case bring their own characteristics, which depend on the patient's age, their health and the cause of the development of the phenomenon.
On the feet
The disease passes various stages of development: from smaller signs to dilated veins in the legs and pain sensations.
Doctor of Medical Sciences V. S. Savelyev has systematized the stages of disease development, depending on the body of progression and the body's ability to self -be.
Visual change at the lower ends as a result of the development of varicose veins
In total, he identified 3 stages of the course of the disease:
- Compensation stage- There is no pain or a completely insignificant edema after loads, vascular stars.
- Subcompensation Internship- Pain, fatigue, cramps, swelling at night, a feeling of bursting in the legs.
- Decompensation stage- Skin restoration (long and even small wounds) is disturbed, the increased veins appear in the legs, severe pain and discomfort are observed.
In the decompensation phase, all body systems suffer:Weakening of bone and muscle tissue occurs, hair begins to fall.
It does not delay treatment, giving pathological processes to undergo all degrees of development. The sooner the therapy is started, the more effective it is.
On the feet
There is no diagnosis of varicose veins in the international classification of diseases, however, often manifests itself in this part of the leg.
Reference.Often the varicose disease of the lower ends begins with the feet.
The development of such a problem in the feet occurs almost the same way as in the rest of the legs, except for several points.
In the beginning, there is a slight swelling of the footwhich is rarely noticed. With an additional course, it is addedDonity and a feeling of exploding in the thumb.
Also appearsburningWith prolonged walk.
If nothing is done at this stage of development, the disease will further progress with the appearance of a vascular mesh on the inner or outer side of the foot and expanded blue veins.
Reference.Varicosis at the foot of the legs may appear even at an early age.
If you do not take the necessary measurements, the disease will be further, appearing in the legs, calves, hips.
Conclusion
As this disease is very common, it is worth knowing all about varicose veins: from developmental characteristics to symptoms and causes.
This knowledge will help not only in time to determine and start treatment, but also to prevent pathology from occurring.